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Most peptides have a systemic effect, e.g. bpc 157, meaning that once they enter the bloodstream they spread throughout the body and exert a specific effect on it. Some neuropeptides peptides such as Semax or Selank, in addition to reaching the bloodstream, must reach the brain to develop their full potential. This means they must pass the blood-brain barrier.

Yes, the route of administration affects how much of the peptide enters the bloodstream, and this has a direct impact on efficacy. The route of administration also affects how much of the peptide will go directly to the brain.

Peptides are administered by injection, nasal spray, orally and sometimes in the form of skin creams.

In most cases, the injectable form is the most effective if one is concerned about affecting the entire body. Administering the peptide this way allows the entire dose to enter the bloodstream, but studies show that neuropeptides such as Semax or Selank, whose main targets are to get into the brain, are better administered intranasally than by injection because they show the same effectiveness. The injectable form is effective, but some people who don't like injections find it cumbersome. If the peptide is of the right quality and the injection done skillfully, it is also a safe method of administration.

Peptides such as Semax and Selank are specifically designed to be administered through the nose. Studies show that they show the same efficacy as injections, so there's no need to prick yourself. Administering the peptides intranasally helps the peptides bypass the blood-brain barrier more easily and get to the brain faster, where they should begin their effects. Efficacy with intranasal administration depends on whether the peptides manage to pass through the walls of the nasal mucosa into the bloodstream. The main factor affecting this is the molecular weight of the peptide, the smaller the easier it is for the molecule to be absorbed. Semax peptide has a molecular weight of 751 Da. The molecule is small enough to be absorbed by the body. Studies on Semax administered intranasally have proven that it has a positive effect on both the brain but also on the treatment of stomach ulcers, proving that this peptide administered intranasally also has a systemic effect. Below are the molecular weights of each peptide: GHK-Cu (Glycyl-Histidyl-Lysine-Copper): The molecular weight is about 441 daltons. BPC 157 (Body Protection Compound 157): Molecular weight is about 1,419 daltons. Epitalone (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly): Molecular weight is about 390 daltons. KPV (Lys-Pro-Val): Molecular weight is about 328 daltons. Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro): The molecular weight is about 751 daltons It can be noted that the molecular weight of these peptides is smaller than Semax, which means it allows intranasal absorption. The mass of Bpc 157 is larger by which the peptide will be a little less absorbed, but rest assured there are ways to do this, which will be discussed below. Another factor in whether a peptide will be absorbed into the bloodstream through the nose is its stability in the nasal cavity. Peptides especially those with a higher molecular weight have trouble being absorbed and take longer to do so. While in the nasal cavity, they are exposed to enzymes that degrade them. Peptides like Semax or Selank are absorbed quickly enough that they won't be damaged before absorption as studies prove. Higher mass peptides like bpc 157 absorb more slowly, so it is worth choosing a more stable form of salt for intranasal administration in this case, such as Arg salt. This allows the peptide to stay in the nasal cavity for a long time without damaging it. In addition, so-called enhancers, or substances that facilitate the penetration of other substances through the skin, can be used. Among the most effective is DMSO. DMSO temporarily unseals the structure of the skin or mucous membrane and allows substances to enter the body that would not normally be absorbed. Such a solution means that, for example, Bpc 157 peptide in arg salt dissolved in saline with 3% DMSO can stay in the nasal cavity for a long time without degrading and be easily absorbed into the bloodstream. The effectiveness of this solution can be tested yourself. When administered in this way, the peptide will start acting on GABA receptors within a few minutes, which will induce a feeling of relaxation. This is proof that the peptide has been absorbed and is working. The advantages of peptide nasal spray are the ease of use and the low price of the product.

The main factor affecting the effectiveness of this form of administration is the stability of the peptide in gastric juices. E.g. the standard form of bpc 157 peptide, or bpc 157 acetate, will be quickly degraded and not absorbed. In order for oral administration to be effective, the peptide must be protected appropriately. This can be done by changing the type of salt to, for example, arg salt. This will allow the Bpc 157 peptide to be stable in the stomach at ph above 3. At ph below 3, however, it will be starved. Special protective capsules can also be used, which will release the peptide only in the intestine. After applying these changes, this form of administration will be effective. The downside of this solution is the price of the product, such a peptide will be up to 5 times more expensive than in intranasal form, and intranasal administration with the use of absorption enhancers and a suitably stable salt is so effective that it will be more cost-effective to purchase bpc 157 spray.

Peptides in the form of a cream will not act systemically but locally. That is, you can, for example, buy a kpv peptide and spray or spread it on sensitized skin. This will help relieve inflammation and regenerate the skin faster.

If the peptide is the same e.g. bpc 157 only in a different form it means that it has the same aminogram, i.e. it shows the same action. A different compound of the same peptide affects its stability. E.g. bpc 157 acetete, i.e. in the form of acetate will be stable enough to stay in powdered form at room temperature, but once dissolved it should be stored in the refrigerator to avoid degradation. Such a peptide will be stable enough to use for injection, but for oral use it is no longer suitable. Bpc 157 in arg salt will also be stable at room temperature when dissolved in water. It shows stability in gastric juices above ph 3. When administering peptides, it is necessary to choose the right compound for the mode of administration so that the peptide is stable.

The volume of the peptide depends on the lyophilization process. E.g. 60 mg of peptide can take up a lot or a little space. It does not matter when it comes to the effectiveness of the peptide.