PT-141 - Educational material

PT-141, also known as Bremelanotide, is a cyclic heptapeptide lactam analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Its amino acid sequence is Ac-Nle-cyclo [Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH and also known by its basic name cyclo-Ac-[Nle4, Asp5, D-Phe7, Lys10] α-MSH-(4-10) [1, 2].

Bremelanotide acts by activating melanocortin receptors (MC4R) in the brain, which play a role in sexual responses. These receptors play a major role in sexual responses [1]. When activated, it alters brain pathways to improve sexual desire and arousal. It modulates dopaminergic pathways in the brain involved in sexual desire and arousal. For men, Bremelanotide helps treat erectile dysfunction by increasing blood flow to the genitals. For women, it helps balance chemicals in the brain to increase sexual desire.

Studies have shown that it increases sexual desire and reduces anxiety associated with sexual interactions, although it is not approved for use in men, despite its potential benefits for low libido and erectile difficulties. However, PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is not for everyone. People with uncontrolled high blood pressure or heart disease should avoid it. It may also cause a temporary increase in blood pressure and darkening of the skin. The usual dose is 1.75 mg injected into the abdomen or thigh, taken at least 45 minutes before sexual activity, or 7.5 mg intranasally. It is important not to take more than one dose every 24 hours or more than eight doses per month [1, 2].

Bremelanotide (PT-141) for women

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) affects nearly six million premenopausal women, and the availability of effective treatments has emerged relatively recently.

Studies have shown significant sexual health benefits for women with HSDD. More recently, Simon et al (2019) conducted a long-term study evaluating bremelanotide (PT 141) at a dose of 1.75 mg subcutaneously as needed [3]. They evaluated 684 participants over a 52-week extension following a 24-week baseline phase. Of note, Bremelanotide significantly improved sexual desire, with scores on the Female Sexual Function Index and Female Sexual Distress Scale showing greater improvement than placebo.

However, common adverse events included nausea, flushing and headache, with nausea being the most severe. These results suggest that bremelanotide provides sustained symptom improvement without new safety concerns. In another study, Clayton et al (2016) examined the efficacy of bremelanotide in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial [4]. In this study, premenopausal women self-administered doses of 0.75, 1.25 or 1.75 mg as needed.

Results showed significant improvements in satisfying sexual events per month (+0.7 vs. +0.2, p = 0.0180), Female Sexual Function Index scores (+3.6 vs. +1.9, p = 0.0017) and Female Sexual Distress Scale scores (-11.1 vs. -6.8, p = 0.0014) at the 1.25 and 1.75 mg doses. Adverse events, however, included nausea, flushing and headache. The study concluded that bremelanotide was a safe and effective drug for the treatment of sexual dysfunction in women.

In addition, Koochaki et al (2021) conducted exit surveys and interviewed 242 participants in the RECONNECT study [5]. Women treated with bremelanotide reported increased sexual desire, physical arousal and improved quality of sexual activity and relationships. In contrast, those taking placebo reported overall benefits such as seeking treatment and improved communication, but lacked the physiological improvements reported by the bremelanotide group. These results highlight the clinical and patient-perceived benefits of bremelanotide for HSDD.

In addition, Diamond et al (2006) examined the effects of bremelanotide on sexual arousal and desire in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorders [7]. In this double-blind study, 18 women received a single intranasal dose of 20 mg bremelanotide or placebo during separate sessions. Results showed that more women reported moderate to high sexual desire after bremelanotide compared to placebo (P = 0.0114), and there was a trend towards more positive feelings of genital arousal (P = 0.0833). Importantly, women who attempted sexual intercourse within 24 hours of treatment were significantly more satisfied with their sexual arousal after bremelanotide than placebo (P = 0.0256). This study suggests that bremelanotide has the potential to increase sexual desire and arousal in women with low libido and sexual desire.

In addition, Mayer and Lynch (2020) reviewed the efficacy and safety of bremelanotide for the treatment of HSDD in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials [8]. The review included data from Medline, SCOPUS and EMBASE from 1996 to 2019. The results showed that, despite statistical significance in improving sexual desire and reducing anxiety, the clinical benefit may be modest. Bremelanotide has a favourable safety profile, with limited drug interactions, including no significant interactions with ethanol. In addition, the most common adverse reactions were nausea (39.9%), facial flushing (20.4%) and headache (11%). The guidelines recommend no more than one dose per 24 hours and no more than eight doses per month, recommending that the drug be discontinued if no benefit is observed after eight weeks. It was also reported that the place of bremelanotide in therapy has not been fully defined as the HSDD guidelines have not been updated since 2017.

In another interesting clinical study, Kingsberg et al (2014) evaluated the efficacy of subcutaneous bremelanotide in reducing anxiety in premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder or female sexual arousal disorder [9].

In this study, participants first received a placebo and then took placebo or bremelanotide at home alone for 12 weeks at doses of 0.75 mg, 1.25 mg or 1.75 mg. Efficacy was measured using the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Desire/Arousal/Orgasm questionnaire. Results from 327 female participants showed that distress scores improved significantly with bremelanotide 1.75 mg (-13.1) and the combined doses of 1.25 and 1.75 mg (-11.1) compared with placebo (-6.8).

The study found that bremelanotide at a dose of 1.75 mg significantly reduced anxiety associated with low sexual desire. In addition, Simon et al (2022) evaluated the efficacy of bremelanotide in the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women in different subgroups [10]. In the phase 3 RECONNECT study, participants self-administered 1.75 mg bremelanotide or placebo subcutaneously for 24 weeks prior to sexual activity. Efficacy was measured using the Desire Domain Female Sexual Function Index and the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Desire/Arousal/Orgasm Item 13. Results from 1202 patients showed that bremelanotide significantly improved sexual desire and reduced anxiety in all age, weight, BMI and all quartiles of baseline bioavailable testosterone subgroups. Bremelanotide also improved sexual desire and anxiety levels independently of hormonal contraceptive use and duration of HSDD. The study concluded that bremelanotide was broadly effective in increasing sexual desire and reducing anxiety in premenopausal women with HSDD.

Furthermore, in 2016. Seftel et al. investigated the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide for the treatment of sexual dysfunction in premenopausal women [11]. In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, participants received either placebo or bremelanotide at doses of 0.75 mg, 1.25 mg or 1.75 mg, self-administered subcutaneously as needed for 12 weeks. Results from 327 patients indicated significant improvements with bremelanotide doses compared with placebo, including an increase in satisfying sexual events per month (+0.7 vs. +0.2, p = 0.0180), female sexual function index scores (+3.6 vs. +1.9, p = 0.0017) and a reduction in female sexual distress scale scores (-11.1 vs. -6.8, p = 0.0014).

However, adverse events such as nausea, flushing and headache were also reported. The study concluded that bremelanotide is a safe, effective and well-tolerated treatment for sexual dysfunction in premenopausal women. Another phase IIa clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of bremelanotide (Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2006) [12].

Women aged 22-44 years received an intranasal dose of 20 mg Bremelanotide or placebo. After a 24-hour period, participants completed questionnaires about their sexual activity, desire and arousal. Results showed that 67% women reported increased sexual desire after Bremelanotide compared to 22% with placebo. In addition, 72% reported increased genital arousal compared to 39% with placebo. However, common side effects were nausea and headache.

In addition, in the RECONNECT trial, Bremelanotide was investigated for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women in subgroups using hormonal contraception [13]. This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 study involved 1.75 mg Bremelanotide or placebo, self-administered subcutaneously for 24 weeks.

Bremelanotide showed significant improvement compared to placebo in both the desire domain of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-D) and the Female Sexual Desire/Arousal/Argasmic Anxiety Scale (FSDS-DAO). Among patients taking hormonal contraceptives, there was a numerical improvement in FSFI-D and a significant improvement in FSDS-DAO item 13 scores. The study concluded that Bremelanotide was effective in improving sexual desire and reducing anxiety in premenopausal women with HSDD, regardless of contraceptive use. Furthermore, Koochaki et al (2017) examined the impact of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and its treatment with bremelanotide (BMT) on women's lives and partner relationships [23]. The study involved 60-minute interviews with 61 premenopausal women experiencing reduced desire and/or arousal.

The participants, ranging in age from 22 to 53 years (mean age 39 years), had experienced FSD from a few months to more than 10 years, and 42% of them had tried other treatments without success. Many attributed their symptoms to ageing, hormonal changes, stress or weight gain. Female sexual dysfunction led to anxiety, loss of sexual identity, negative body image, feelings of inadequacy and depression, although attraction and attachment to partners generally remained.

Bremelanotide treatment significantly improved genital physiological responses, sexual sensitivity and responsiveness to cues, increased desire to initiate sexual activity, arousal, orgasms and sexual satisfaction. Many women reported increased relationship satisfaction and increased sexual confidence, and FSD-related stress levels were lower after treatment. Most female participants reported minimal or non-problematic side effects. This study highlights the positive effects of bremelanotide on sexual function and relationship satisfaction in women with FSD.

Actual use of Bremelanotide (PT-141)

Goldstein et al (2023) investigated the real-world use of bremelanotide in the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in women at a sexual medicine centre [19].

Bremelanotide is used on demand in premenopausal women with HSDD. The study aimed to analyse prescribing patterns and refill rates from late 2019 to November 2022. Prescription data focused on premenopausal (aged 18-50 years) and postmenopausal (aged ≥51 years) women, including number of prescriptions, refills and cumulative refill rates.

The results showed that bremelanotide was dispensed to premenopausal women 64 times, with a 25% repeat prescription rate. For postmenopausal women, it was dispensed 97 times, with a 54% refill rate. The refill rate for premenopausal women was 10% in 2019-2020, 17% in 2019-2021, 25% in 2019-2022 and 37% in 2021-2022. For postmenopausal women, the refill rate was 43% in 2019-2020, 52% in 2019-2021, 54% in 2019-2022 and 65% in 2021-2022.

Increasing refill rates among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women suggest the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide in real-world settings. The data indicate effective treatment of HSDD with bremelanotide. As awareness of HSDD and its treatment increases, it is expected that more healthcare providers will offer these options, similar to the use of sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. In another recent study, Goldstein et al (2024) reported that bremelanotide improves sexual desire and arousal by increasing brain connectivity and activity [20]. An fMRI study showed that bremelanotide increased connectivity between the amygdala and insula, improved sexual brain processing and increased activity in the cerebellum and supplementary motor area, while deactivating the secondary somatosensory cortex.

From September 2019, bremelanotide is prescribed to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women and men with various sexual dysfunctions at their centre. Data from September 2019 to 30 June 2023 showed 76 prescriptions for premenopausal women (29% refills), 104 for postmenopausal women (52% refills) and 444 for men (65% refills). The percentage of completions in the last 18 months was 47% for premenopausal women, 52% for postmenopausal women and 73% for men. It was concluded that the high refill rate suggests the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide (PT 141) in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, especially in men.

Bremelanotide for men: the potential of PT 141 in erectile dysfunction

PT 141 has shown potential benefit for men with sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction (ED) and low libido. In clinical practice, bremelanotide was prescribed to men after a thorough biopsychosocial assessment.

Studies have shown that bremelanotide can increase sexual arousal and desire by activating melanocortin receptors in the brain, which play a key role in sexual responses.

Men treated with bremelanotide reported increased satisfaction with their sexual experience, easier vaginal insertion and a better ability to reach orgasm. In addition, bremelanotide was found to help men feel freer to initiate sexual activity and experience more pleasurable and carefree lovemaking.

In a clinical trial, Safarinejad et al (2008) evaluated the safety and efficacy of intranasal bremelanotide in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) unresponsive to sildenafil [15]. The study involved 342 married men aged 28 to 59 years, who were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg bremelanotide or placebo before sexual stimulation. Participants tried at least 16 doses at home and were assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).

The researchers observed positive outcomes in 33.5% patients in the bremelanotide-treated group compared to 8.5% patients in the placebo group (p = 0.03). Patients treated with bremelanotide reported greater satisfaction with sexual intercourse (p = 0.03), but experienced more drug-related side effects (p = 0.01). Bremelanotide may serve as an alternative to ED, particularly in those unresponsive to sildenafil. In addition, Diamond et al (2005) investigated the safety and effects of combining subtherapeutic doses of PT-141 with sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction [16]. Nineteen patients received 25 mg sildenafil with 7.5 mg intranasal PT-141, 25 mg sildenafil with intranasal placebo and a placebo tablet with intranasal placebo in a randomised crossover study.

Erectile activity, assessed using RigiScan, showed that the combined administration of PT-141 and sildenafil elicited a significantly greater erectile response than sildenafil alone. The combination therapy was safe and well tolerated, suggesting that it may be an effective alternative for patients with erectile dysfunction who do not respond to higher doses of single therapy.

In addition, Rosen et al (2004) evaluated the efficacy of PT-141 in healthy men and patients with erectile dysfunction not responding to Viagra [17]. Erectile responses, assessed with RigiScan, showed that doses higher than 1.0 mg produced a significant erectile response in healthy men. In patients with erectile dysfunction, doses of 4 mg and 6 mg of PT-141, administered in a crossover regimen, induced significant erectile responses with visual sexual stimulation. They concluded that PT-141 was safe and well tolerated, showing significant potential as an alternative treatment for erectile dysfunction in patients unresponsive to PDE5 inhibitors. In addition, Diamond et al (2004) evaluated the efficacy and safety of intranasal PT-141 in both healthy men and patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) responding to Viagra [18].

They showed a statistically significant erectile response at doses higher than 7 mg compared to placebo, with the first erection occurring around 30 minutes after administration. It is worth noting that PT-141 was well tolerated, with the most common adverse events being flushing and nausea. No clinically significant changes in vital signs, laboratory tests, ECGs or physical examinations were observed. The study concluded that PT-141 is a promising candidate for further evaluation in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men.

Actual use of Bremelanotide (PT-141) in men

In real-world clinical applications, bremelanotide has shown promise in improving sexual function in men, particularly those with erectile dysfunction, orgasm and low libido. Goldstein et al (2024) reported on the use of bremelanotide in men with sexual dysfunction (SD) [21].

Bremelanotide was prescribed to men following a biopsychosocial assessment. From September 2019 to June 2023, the study analysed 444 prescriptions for bremelanotide due to SD, with a 65% reorder rate and a 73% reorder rate in the past 18 months. Of the 25 men who consented, 20 completed the study.

The results showed that 75% of the men reported increased satisfaction with lovemaking and the duration of lovemaking, 88% reported that vaginal insertion was easier and 67% found orgasm easier. In addition, 80% of them felt freer to initiate rapprochement, and 73% predicted that it would be more pleasurable and carefree. Using PGI-I, 72% reported improved sexual function.

However, common side effects included nausea (30%), flushing (22%), headache (13%) and troublesome spontaneous erections (13%). All side effects were transient. The study concluded that bremelanotide is effective in improving sexual dysfunction in men, providing an alternative to PDE5 inhibitors.

Later, in 2024, Goldstein et al. reported on the off-label use of bremelanotide in men with various sexual dysfunctions [22]. The study was designed to assess the efficacy of bremelanotide, the reasons for prescribing it and the improvement in sexual function, overall satisfaction and side effects. In the single-group study, which began on 1 May 2021, men from one clinic gave consent and completed online questionnaires. After confirming at least two uses of the drug, they took part in structured telephone interviews.

Of the 21 men who consented, 19 completed online questionnaires. Key findings included that 80% were more satisfied with lovemaking and the duration of lovemaking, 93% reported that vaginal insertion was easier, and 71% reported easier orgasms. In addition, 86% respondents felt more at ease initiating intercourse, 79% expected intercourse to be more pleasurable, 69% found orgasm more pleasurable, 73% derived more pleasure from sex, and 79% found their partner's sensations more enjoyable. Using the PGI-I, 53% reported improved sexual function. Furthermore, twelve men completed the interview, revealing that 69% were prescribed bremelanotide for erectile dysfunction, and 64% had additional sexual health problems such as fear of sex (54%) and low sexual desire (45%). It is worth noting that improvements included better sexual function (91%), especially erection, and a reduction in sex-related anxiety (64%). Men also reported longer erections, the ability to have additional erections 18-24 hours after injection, better genital-brain connection, improved sensitivity and increased self-confidence.

Despite these significant benefits, adverse effects included flushing (36%), nausea (36%), headache (27%), spontaneous erections (27%), urinary incontinence, abdominal cramps and burning (after 9%). All side effects were transient. The study concluded that bremelanotide was effective in treating men with erectile dysfunction and other sexual health problems, providing a viable treatment option outside of the indications.

How does Bremelanotide increase sexual arousal and desire?

Bremelanotide increases sexual arousal and desire by affecting the melanocortin and dopamine pathways in the brain [24, 25].

• Binding to specific brain receptors: Bremelanotide works by binding to melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4R) in specific brain cells located in the hypothalamus. This binding starts a chain reaction that begins with the release of dopamine, a chemical that plays a key role in sexual behaviour, in a specific part of the brain called the medial prelimbic area (mPOA).
• Triggering the release of dopamine: When bremelanotide binds to MC4R, it stimulates the release of dopamine in the mPOA. This area is important for controlling sexual behaviour. More dopamine in this region leads to increased sexual responses. This, in turn, activates D1 receptors on specific neurons, which reduce the inhibition of dopamine neurons, making them more sensitive to sexual stimuli. Bremelanotide mainly triggers dopamine release in the mPOA and not in other brain regions associated with drug abuse or eating behaviour. This selective effect suggests that bremelanotide specifically increases sexual desire.
• Activation of key brain areas: Studies show that bremelanotide activates certain proteins indicating neuronal activity in key brain areas such as the mPOA, ventral tegmental area (VTA) and basolateral amygdala. These areas are crucial for sexual arousal and are also activated by sexual signals.
• Effects on sexual behaviour in animal studies: Studies on female rats (with ovaries removed) show that injection or insertion of bremelanotide into the brain increases sexual behaviour. These behaviours include signals indicating a desire to engage in sexual activity, such as specific movements and interactions with male rats. Bremelanotide selectively increased solicitation behaviour, such as solicitation, jumping and darting, without affecting pace or lordosis. This specificity suggests that bremelanotide specifically targets sexual desire without causing generalised hypersexuality.

What's more, Higher doses of bremelanotide lead to more significant effects on sexual desire. However, bremelanotide increases sexual desire without affecting other sexual behaviour, meaning that it acts on sexual desire without causing excessive sexual behaviour or a change in partner preference. The effects of bremelanotide can be reversed with substances that block melanocortin or dopamine receptors. This confirms the involvement of these receptors in the action of bremelanotide. Capacity bremelanotide (PT 141) to specifically activate areas associated with sexual arousal without affecting other behaviours makes it a promising treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD).

How to use Bremelanotide?

Bremelanotide (PT 141) is administered subcutaneously, meaning that it is injected under the skin. It is supplied as a solution in a pre-filled auto-injector.

• Time: Bremelanotide should be injected as needed, at least 45 minutes before anticipated sexual activity.
• Dosage: The recommended dose is 1.75 mg and is administered using a pre-filled auto-injector.
• Frequency: Do not use more than one dose in 24 hours and do not exceed eight doses per month.

Is bremelanotide (PT 141) legal?

Yes, bremelanotide, also known as Vyleesi, is legal. It was approved by the FDA in 2019 for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. This approval makes it the second drug sanctioned for this condition, after flibanserin (Addyi). Bremelanotide works by activating melanocortin receptors in the brain, which are involved in sexual response. It is administered by subcutaneous injection in the abdomen or thigh at least 45 minutes before sexual activity. Although bremelanotide has shown potential benefits for low libido and erectile difficulties in men, it is currently not approved for use in men.

PT 141 Injection site

Bremelanotide can be injected subcutaneously into two specific sites;

• Abdomen: One of the recommended injection sites is the abdomen. An area free of scarring, bruising or other skin abnormalities should be chosen.
• Thigh: Another common injection site is the thigh. As with the abdomen, avoid injecting into scarred or bruised areas.

How long does pt-141 last?

The duration of PT-141's effects varies depending on the individual and the dose administered. In general, the effects can last for several hours. Here are some details:

• Start of operation: PT-141 usually becomes effective within 30 to 60 minutes after administration.
• Duration: The effects of PT-141 can last between 6 and 12 hours. Some people may feel the effects for a slightly longer or shorter time.
• Individual variability: The duration can vary depending on factors such as metabolism, general health and the specific sexual dysfunction being treated.

For most users, the drug provides the opportunity for sexual activity, which lasts for several hours after administration. It is important to follow the dosage and use recommendations to ensure both safety and efficacy.

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) Side effects

PT-141 has been evaluated for safety in numerous studies [6, 14]. The most common adverse reactions observed in the phase 3 studies, which included 1247 participants over 18 months, are as follows:

• Nausea: Reported in 40.0% bremelanotide users compared to 1.3% in the placebo group. Nausea was the main reason for treatment discontinuation.
• Redness: occurred in 20.3% of bremelanotide users compared to 1.3% in the placebo group. Redness is a common reaction and generally mild.
• Headache: Experienced by 11.3% users compared to 1.9% in the placebo group. Headaches tended to be of mild to moderate severity.
• Reactions at the injection site: 5.4% of users were reported compared to 0.5% in the placebo group. These reactions were usually minor and included redness or irritation at the injection site.
• Focal discolouration: Rare, but observed in more than one third of patients taking 16 consecutive daily doses. This side effect includes darkening of the skin in specific areas.
• Blood pressure: Bremelanotide may cause a slight, transient increase in blood pressure. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular risk should use the drug with caution and under medical supervision.

Other issues

• Serious adverse events: Although no deaths were reported, serious adverse events occurred in some participants. However, these were not frequent.
• Drug interactions: Most interactions were not clinically relevant, except for those that decreased plasma concentrations of indomethacin and naltrexone.
• Follow-up indicators: 70% people in the bremelanotide group continued treatment to the open phase compared to 87% people in the placebo group, indicating relatively high satisfaction and tolerability among users.

Although the drug has a favourable safety profile, patients with cardiovascular disease should monitor their blood pressure during treatment and consult their doctor.

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) Dosage

PT-141 is usually administered by subcutaneous injection. Here are the key dosing guidelines for PT-141:

• Standard dosage: The recommended dose is 1.75 mg administered subcutaneously. The preparation should be injected at least 45 minutes before the anticipated sexual activity. The injection can be given in the abdomen or thigh.
• Frequency of application: PT-141 should not be applied more than once in a 24-hour period. It is recommended that PT-141 should not be applied more than 8 times per month.
• Administration instructions: PT-141 is supplied in a pre-filled auto-injector for easy subcutaneous administration. Users should follow the instructions supplied with the device to ensure correct injection technique and dosage.

Pt-141 Nasal spray

Bremelanotide (PT-141) is available in various forms, including a nasal spray. This formulation provides an alternative to subcutaneous injections for those seeking convenience and ease of administration.

• Dosage in women with FSAD: In clinical trials, women with female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) received a single intranasal dose of 20 mg of bremelanotide.
• Dosage in men with disorders erections: In studies involving men with erectile dysfunction (ED), doses of intranasally administered bremelanotide varied, but a significant erectile response was observed at doses higher than 7 mg.
• Standard dosage: The typical dose of bremelanotide nasal spray is 10 mg, administered by two 5 mg sprays, one into each nostril.
• Time: It is recommended to use the nasal spray 45 minutes to 2 hours before sexual stimulation for optimal results.
• Frequency: Do not take more than one dose in a 24-hour period. It is also not recommended to take more than eight doses in a month.

How to use PT-141 for the nose?

Similar to other intranasal dosage forms, Shake the bottle gently before use. Begin spraying by pressing the pump until a fine mist appears. Lean your head slightly forward, insert the nozzle into one nostril and close the other nostril with your finger. Spray once, breathing gently through the nose. Repeat the action for the other nostril.

Benefits of Bremelanotide nasal spray?

• Convenience: Easier and quicker to use compared to subcutaneous injections.
• Non-invasive: No needles are required, reducing discomfort and potential injection site reactions.
• Discretion: A nasal spray can be more discreet to wear and use.

Potential side effects: Users may experience nasal irritation, congestion or runny nose. The recommended dosage and frequency should be followed to avoid potential side effects and ensure safety.

Bremelanotide nasal spray offers a user-friendly and effective option for those seeking treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) and other related conditions. By following the appropriate administration guidelines and being aware of potential side effects, users can safely use this medication.

Disclaimer

This article is written to educate and raise awareness of the substance discussed. It is important to note that the substance discussed is a substance and not a specific product. The information contained in the text is based on available scientific studies and is not intended as medical advice or to promote self-medication. The reader is advised to consult a qualified health professional for all health and treatment decisions.

References

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